Formation
Sept 23, 1932
Sept 23, 1932
Riyadh
35.95 million (2021)
A country that covers the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula and is the only country with a coastline along both the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. It is home to Mecca and Medina, the two holiest cities in Islam. The country's absolute monarchy restricts almost all political rights and civil liberties.
Oil was first discovered in 1938 and about half of the country’s GDP comes from oil. Most of the fresh water comes from desalinization plants or underground reservoirs. In 2015, it became the last nation to allow women to vote.